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The Secrets of Plzeň

Where Gothic Spires Meet the Golden Lager That Changed the World

In 1295, King Wenceslaus II planted a new city at the confluence of four rivers. Within decades it became Bohemia’s third-largest city. But Plzeň’s real revolution came in 1842, when a Bavarian brewer named Josef Groll poured the world’s first golden lager — and accidentally invented a beer style that now accounts for two-thirds of all beer consumed on Earth. Beneath the cobblestones lies a 15-kilometre labyrinth of medieval cellars. This is a city of inventors, rebels, and brewmasters.

10
Stops
~2h
Journey
10
Riddles

How to Play

  1. Tap a stop to read its story
  2. Solve the riddle — tap your answer
  3. The truth (+ hidden history) is revealed!
  4. Tap the 📍 address to navigate via Google Maps
The Gothic Age
The Tallest Spire in Bohemia

When King Wenceslaus II founded Plzeň in 1295, the first thing the citizens built was a church worthy of their ambitions.

Cathedral of St. Bartholomew
Gothic · Founded ~1295
You stand in the centre of one of Europe’s largest medieval squares, and your eyes are drawn upward. The Cathedral of St. Bartholomew rises 102.26 metres into the Bohemian sky — the tallest church spire in the entire Czech Republic. Construction began around 1295, the same year the city was founded. Inside, the Plzeň Madonna, a Gothic masterpiece from around 1390, watches from the high altar. Climb the 301 steps to the gallery and all of Western Bohemia unfolds beneath you.
🧩 Riddle
The spire of St. Bartholomew’s is the tallest in the Czech Republic. How high does it reach?
💡 Need a hint?
It’s just over 100 metres — think of a football pitch stood on end...
🎉 The Answer
B. 102.26 metres
At 102.26 metres, it’s the tallest church spire in the Czech Republic. The Plzeň Madonna (c. 1390) on the high altar is one of the finest Gothic sculptures in Central Europe.
The Renaissance
An Italian Masterpiece in Bohemia

The city’s wealth demanded a seat of power to match. They imported an Italian architect to build it.

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Renaissance Town Hall
Renaissance · 1554–1559
In 1554, the city council of Plzeň commissioned Giovanni de Statia, an Italian architect, to design a town hall that would rival anything in Prague. What he delivered was a Renaissance gem: sgraffito-decorated facades, elegant arcades, and a grandeur that announced Plzeň as a city of serious ambition. Inside the mázhaus (great hall), you’ll find a remarkable three-dimensional model of the historic city centre.
🧩 Riddle
The Renaissance Town Hall was designed by an Italian architect. What was his name?
💡 Need a hint?
His surname sounds like a static measurement — a man from Italy building in Bohemia...
🎉 The Answer
B. Giovanni de Statia
Giovanni de Statia designed it between 1554–1559. The sgraffito decoration on the facade is among the finest Renaissance architectural detail in Bohemia. Inside, a 3D model of medieval Plzeň fills the great hall.
The Age of Tolerance
The Second-Largest Synagogue in Europe

In the late 19th century, Plzeň’s Jewish community built something extraordinary — a synagogue that would rival Budapest.

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Great Synagogue
Moorish-Romanesque · 1893
You stand before the Great Synagogue of Plzeň, completed in 1893 in a striking Moorish-Romanesque style. It is the second-largest synagogue in Europe (after Budapest’s Dohány Street Synagogue) and the third-largest in the world. The twin onion-domed towers rise dramatically above the street. Inside, the sanctuary can seat 2,000 worshippers beneath a soaring vaulted ceiling painted with stars and geometric patterns. It survived both World Wars, though the Nazis used it as a storage depot.
🧩 Riddle
The Great Synagogue of Plzeň holds a remarkable European ranking. Where does it stand by size?
💡 Need a hint?
Only one synagogue in all of Europe is larger, and it’s in Budapest...
🎉 The Answer
B. The second-largest in Europe
It’s the second-largest synagogue in Europe and third-largest in the world. The Nazis converted it to a storage facility, but local citizens helped preserve it. Today it hosts both religious services and concerts with extraordinary acoustics.
The Beer Revolution
The Lager That Changed the World

On October 5, 1842, a Bavarian brewer poured a glass of golden liquid — and the world of beer was never the same.

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Pilsner Urquell Brewery
Industrial · Founded 1842
The citizens of Plzeň were fed up. Their beer was so terrible that in 1838 they publicly poured 36 barrels into the street in protest. The city hired Bavarian brewer Josef Groll, who arrived with a radical idea: combine Bohemian soft water, Saaz hops, Moravian barley malt, and bottom-fermenting yeast. On October 5, 1842, he poured the world’s first golden lager. It was a sensation. Today, pilsner-style beer accounts for roughly two-thirds of all beer consumed globally. Every golden lager on Earth descends from this brewery.
🧩 Riddle
Plzeň’s citizens were so disgusted with their beer that they publicly destroyed it. How many barrels were poured out?
💡 Need a hint?
Think of three dozen — a symbolic gesture of rage...
🎉 The Answer
C. 36 barrels
36 barrels were dumped in the streets in 1838. Josef Groll’s first brew on October 5, 1842 created the pilsner style. The brewery now draws over 500,000 visitors per year, and the tour ends with unfiltered, unpasteurized Pilsner Urquell straight from oak lagering barrels.
The Hidden City
15 Kilometres Beneath the Cobblestones

While the city grew upward, another city was growing downward — a secret world of cellars, wells, and tunnels.

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Plzeň Historical Underground
Medieval · 13th–19th Century
Beneath Plzeň’s streets lies one of the most extensive underground systems in Central Europe. Starting in the late 13th century, citizens dug cellars for food storage, water wells, and later for brewing. Over centuries, the network grew to 15 kilometres of interconnected passages running 9 to 12 metres below the surface. You’ll receive a hard hat and descend into this labyrinth — walking through 800 metres of narrow corridors where medieval brewers once stored their barrels in perfect cool darkness.
🧩 Riddle
How deep below the surface do the underground corridors of Plzeň run?
💡 Need a hint?
Deep enough to need a hard hat, but not as deep as a metro line...
🎉 The Answer
B. 9 to 12 metres
The tunnels run 9 to 12 metres below street level. The total network stretches 15 kilometres — one of the largest medieval underground systems in Europe. Temperature stays at a constant 6°C year-round, perfect for lagering beer centuries before refrigeration.
The Art of Strings
Where Marionettes Tell a Nation’s Story

Czech puppetry is not children’s entertainment — it’s a resistance movement with strings attached.

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Puppet Museum
Cultural · Czech Tradition
Czech puppetry has been inscribed on UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list, and this museum reveals why. During centuries of Habsburg rule, when the Czech language was suppressed, travelling puppeteers kept the language alive by performing in Czech for village audiences. Puppetry became an act of cultural resistance. The museum houses hundreds of marionettes spanning centuries — from crude folk figures to exquisite hand-carved masterworks. You’ll see how this art form helped preserve an entire national identity.
🧩 Riddle
Czech puppetry has been recognized by UNESCO. What status does it hold?
💡 Need a hint?
It’s not a World Heritage Site — it’s something more intangible...
🎉 The Answer
B. Intangible Cultural Heritage
Czech and Slovak puppetry was inscribed on UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list in 2016. During the Habsburg era, when German was the official language, puppet shows were one of the few ways Czech was spoken publicly. The tradition literally saved a language.
The Golden Legacy
Inside the Original Brewing House

Before Pilsner Urquell, there was this — the medieval house where Plzeň’s citizens first brewed their beer.

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Brewery Museum
Historical · Est. 1959
This museum is housed in an authentic medieval malt house — one of the original buildings where Plzeň’s burghers exercised their royal brewing rights. King Wenceslaus II granted 260 citizens the right to brew beer when he founded the city in 1295. The museum traces the complete story of brewing from those medieval beginnings to the pilsner revolution of 1842. You’ll see original copper kettles, wooden barrels, a recreated 19th-century pub, and the malting floor where barley was transformed into the grain that would change world brewing.
🧩 Riddle
When Plzeň was founded in 1295, how many citizens received royal brewing rights?
💡 Need a hint?
A specific number granted by the king — more than 200 but fewer than 300...
🎉 The Answer
C. 260 citizens
Exactly 260 citizens received brewing rights from King Wenceslaus II in 1295. This ‘right to brew’ became central to the city’s identity and economy. The museum’s collection includes a 17th-century brewer’s guild chest and tools unchanged for centuries.
The Age of Faith
Where Monks and Monarchs Met

Founded the same year as the city itself, this monastery has witnessed every chapter of Plzeň’s history.

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Franciscan Monastery
Gothic · Founded ~1295
The Franciscan Monastery and its Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary are as old as Plzeň itself — both dating to around 1295. The church features stunning Gothic vaulting and a serene cloister garden that feels worlds away from the busy square just metres away. The monastery complex now houses a Museum of Religious Art of the Plzeň Diocese, with medieval altarpieces, liturgical objects, and paintings spanning seven centuries. The chapel of St. Barbara, added in the late Gothic period, contains remarkable original frescoes.
🧩 Riddle
The Franciscan Monastery church is dedicated to a specific event in the life of the Virgin Mary. Which one?
💡 Need a hint?
A celestial event — when Mary was taken up to Heaven...
🎉 The Answer
C. The Assumption
The Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary has stood since Plzeň’s founding. The Chapel of St. Barbara contains late-Gothic frescoes that are among the oldest surviving wall paintings in the city. The peaceful cloister garden is one of Plzeň’s best-kept secrets.
Liberation
The Day the Americans Came

On May 6, 1945, General Patton’s Third Army rolled into Plzeň. For 45 years, the Communists tried to erase that memory.

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Patton Memorial
20th Century · 1945
On May 6, 1945, the U.S. Third Army under General George S. Patton liberated Plzeň from Nazi occupation. The citizens celebrated wildly — but when the Communists took power in 1948, all mention of American liberation was banned. The story was rewritten: the Soviets had liberated all of Czechoslovakia, the official history claimed. For 45 years, the truth was forbidden. After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, Plzeň finally honoured its liberators. This memorial museum tells the full story of the liberation and the decades of enforced silence that followed.
🧩 Riddle
Patton’s Third Army liberated Plzeň on May 6, 1945. For how many years was this fact suppressed by the Communist regime?
💡 Need a hint?
From 1948 to 1989 — count the years of silence...
🎉 The Answer
C. 41 years
The truth was suppressed for 41 years (1948–1989). Every year on May 6, Plzeň now holds a massive Liberation Festival with military vehicle parades and re-enactments. American veterans and their descendants are treated as heroes.
The Knowledge Keepers
Seven Centuries Under One Roof

From Stone Age artefacts to Art Nouveau masterpieces — the story of Western Bohemia told through its treasures.

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Museum of West Bohemia
Neo-Renaissance · 1898
The Museum of West Bohemia is housed in a magnificent Neo-Renaissance building from 1898, set in the green belt of Kopeckého sady that rings the old town. Inside, the collections span from prehistoric archaeology through medieval armour to 19th-century art. The museum’s armoury collection is one of the finest in Central Europe, and the Art Nouveau interiors of the building itself are worth the visit. The library holds rare manuscripts and early printed books from Bohemian monasteries.
🧩 Riddle
The museum building was constructed in a particular architectural revival style popular in the late 19th century. Which style?
💡 Need a hint?
A revival of an earlier period — think columns, symmetry, and grandeur reborn...
🎉 The Answer
C. Neo-Renaissance
The Neo-Renaissance building dates to 1898 and sits in the green parkland that replaced Plzeň’s demolished medieval walls. The museum’s armoury collection includes weapons and armour from the Hussite Wars — the religious conflicts that shook all of Europe in the 15th century.

📋 Plzeň Must-Do List

Tap any address to open Google Maps

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Techmania Science Centre
Interactive science museum in the former Škoda factory. Planetarium, hands-on exhibits, and a 3D cinema. Great for families.
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Gallery of West Bohemia
Gothic and Baroque art from across the region, housed in a beautiful building near the old town.
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Borský Park
A vast city park with lakes, walking trails, and a zoo. Locals’ favourite weekend escape.
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Na Spilce Restaurant
The biggest restaurant in Plzeň (500+ seats), right inside the Pilsner Urquell brewery compound. Czech classics and fresh beer.
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J.K. Tyl Theatre
Plzeň’s grand theatre, named after the author of the Czech national anthem. Opera, drama, and ballet.
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Confluence of Four Rivers
Plzeň sits where the Radbuza, Mze, Úhlava, and Úslava rivers meet. Walk the riverside paths for beautiful views.